Coal-stove



W. H. STINSON.

Fir'eplace.

Patented Oct. 6, 1857.

STATES VV'M.. H. STINSON, OF BALTIMORE, MARYLAND.

COAL-STOVE.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 18,362,r dated October 6, 1857,

To all iii/Lona t may concern.'

Be it known that I, IVM. H.. S'riNsoN, of the city of Baltimore and State of Maryland, have invented certain improveinents in, the construction and arrangement of stoves used lin heating apartments both by direct radiation ,and` currents of heated air.

To enable others skilled to make and use my invention I will describe its construction and principles of operation illustrating the description bynieans of the accompanying drawings and the letters of' reference marked thereon, which drawings form a part of my specification.

Before proceeding to a minute descripn tion, I .will state generallyv the nature of myv improvements and their advantages over such devices `as have hitherto been used for the same purpose in the saine general.

manner.

My invention consists in `fitting within the common fire 'place a suitably shaped hood or cowl covering. the opening in the4 throat of the chimney the sides or jainbs and '1 the hearth and inserting within the hood or cowl my peculiarly constructed stove sonief what after the manner of the Franklin Ori Pennsylvania fire-place heating a cui-rent of '1 air directed either from without or from sage of the heated air into the room.

i arrangement of the parts, to cut oii the eX- ternalsupply of cold air, and derive it instead from the lower stratum of air in the room to be heated. Theconstruction of the upper iire flue or box also enables me to deflect the radiated heat in such a manner that the hearth immediately in front of the stove is warm to the feet, and this peculiar construction of the upper flue, in its combination with the cowl and partition (which will be more particularly described in the letters of reference to the drawings) enables me to divide the currents of air and to pass them readily over bot-h the upper and under surfaces of the fire Hue above named, the inclination of which at a suitable angle not only deflects the heat in the manner described but also increases the amount of heating surface without deepening the fireplace and promotes also the the free passage of the heated currents into the room,

In pursuing the experiment necessary to perfect my invention I discovered that the defects existing in the sto-ves ofthe saine diictin'g the air to the heater over the heating surfaces and thence into the room although not burning it', was not at the 4sameV Vtime sufficient either in flow, volume or ten'ipei'atiire to render the room comfortable, and no arrangement was provided for changing uthe supply of the cold air from i the external to the internal source when the temperature of the weather. was more than ordinarily cold thus the ,room under these circumstances could neverA rbe suiiiciently heated, and; the greatesteifect `was not derived from the amount of fuel burned. To remedy these defects has been the aimof my experiments andy under my system. of ycongstruction and arrangement, they have been entirely overcome. Description of drawmgs.-,Figiire 1 represeiits a front view of the stove as itstands within the fire place.. As the general form of the radiator does not differ from those in common use, it is not deemed necessary to describe it particularly except where a different form .or arrangement is made. A, A, shows the level of thehearth. B, B, B, the jambs of the fire place.k The dark lines c c c, show the edges of the hood or cowl fitting closely into the lire place, and of siiiiicient height to allow a space of one and a half or twoinches between the interior of the cowl at top and bottom and the upper and under surfaces of the radiator which spaces are shown in the drawing at E and F and constitute an important feature of my device. C the lower flue, is constructed as ordinarily while D the upper one, is inclined from the front to .the back of the stove at an an le of 15 to 25, any angle which will de ect the heat of direct radiation in front of the stove and promote the outward flow of the heated current of air. The stove is raised. up from the ooring of the hearth by means. of legs or small cylinders represented by the dotted lines a a. I, I, shows the handle and edge of the damper which is used in controlling the currents of air. In Fig. l the edge only is seen as it is Supposed to be'lying on the orifice of the lower cowl plate, which has a long opening one or two inches in width near its front margin, as may be seen in Figs. 2 and 3, at G, the one in end section and the other in top view. The damper I being of suliicient width to close the orifice E when turned up and to close also the opening G in the flooring of the lire place, when turned down. The shading in Fig. l below the fire flue, I), represents the under side of the inclined flue. The lower edge of this inclined box has affixed to it a partition of iron which extends below the upper margin of the flue C and its office is to divide the currents of air in its upward course, directing one to the under side of the upper flue D, and the other over its upper surface, thus exposing the heating surfaces each to its current of air. Fig. 2, showing` an end view of the radiator and the inclined fire box, D, and a sectional view of the cowl. c, c, c, o, and the partition II, shows also by the small arrows, the direction and division as also the admisison and liow of the air currents. 'Where the chimney admits of it the current of external air should be derived from its bach at the ar-` row, e, passing forward until it reaches the opening, at G Figs. 2 and 3, passing thence onward and upward till it is divided by the partition H into the two currents, J, J, passing thence by an easy flow is from the inclined passages, thrown with considerable force into the room. The change in mode of admission of the current of cold air is simply to raise the handle of the damper I, which turning the damper on its pivots closes the passage G, and admits the cold stratum of air at the bottom of the room, and by this simple change when the weather is extremely cold, the temperature of the vroom is kept warm and comfortable, while without this it is impossible to heat the room sutliciently with even a large expenditure of fuel.

Fig. 3, represents a top view of the plate resting on hearth and forming the lloor of the cowlwwith its orifice G G andthe partition II dividing the currents of air-as the letters in each figure refer to the same parts, it is unnecessary to further describe them as a view of the same will declare the part and its oliice.

Fig. 4 shows the damper I detached from the other parts. The dotted lines f f Figs. 1 and 2, shows the best position of the smoke flue leading from the stove to the chimney, though it may be placed in any other convenient part of the radiator.

I make no claim broadly to the heating of rooms by means of currents of air introduced from without and circulating in chambers or passages around a stone situated within the fire place, neither do I claim the introduction of cold air from without into a lire chamber and thence into the room in a heated state, as these dei great amount of lieatingsurface,and by the arrangement of the air passages, aid its flow into the apartment 1n such volume and temperature as while it is sufficient to warm the room, is not so heated as to vitiate its quality, while the radiated heat is thrown to the front of the stove, rendering it warm to the feet. Neither do I claim broadly andas separate devices the various parts, as described and forming my stove, as these parts have been before and variously applied. But

that I do claim is- The arrangement of the air passage E the division plate or partition II, and the inclined flue, I) with its corresponding air passage F made, combined, and operating substantially as before described.

WVM. H. STINSON.

IVitnesse:

PHILIP T. FILYARD,

G. M. KING. 

